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The Caucasus Mountains [a] is a mountain range at the intersection of Asia and Europe. Stretching between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea , they are surrounded by the Caucasus region and are home to Mount Elbrus , the highest peak in Europe at 5,642 metres (18,510 ft) above sea level.
Caucasus vegetation land cover, 1940 View of the Caucasus Mountains in Dagestan, Russia. The Caucasus is an area of great ecological importance. The region is included in the list of 34 world biodiversity hotspots. [66] [67] It harbors some 6400 species of higher plants, 1600 of which are endemic to the region. [68]
The Greater Caucasus [a] [b] is the major mountain range of the Caucasus Mountains.It stretches for about 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) from west-northwest to east-southeast, from the Taman Peninsula of the Black Sea to the Absheron Peninsula of the Caspian Sea: from the Western Caucasus in the vicinity of Sochi on the northeastern shore of the Black Sea and reaching nearly to Baku on the Caspian.
The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Armenia , Georgia , and Azerbaijan , which are sometimes collectively known as the Caucasian States .
The Lesser Caucasus or Lesser Caucasus Mountains, also called Caucasus Minor, is the second of the two main ranges of the Caucasus Mountains, of length about 600 km (370 mi). The western portion of the Lesser Caucasus overlaps and converges with east Turkey and northwest Iran .
Mountain Jews were mainly concentrated in the cities of Makhachkala, Buynaksk, Derbent, Nalchik and Grozny in North Caucasus; and Quba and Baku in Azerbaijan. [26] In the Second World War, some Mountain Jews settlements in North Caucasus, including parts of their area in Kabardino-Balkaria were occupied by the German Wehrmacht at the end of ...
Western Caucasus on se-tenant postage stamps of Russia, 2006. The Western Caucasus includes a natural UNESCO World Heritage Site (named Western Caucasus), comprising the extreme western edge of the Caucasus Mountains. UNESCO specialists say that it is the only large mountain area in Europe that has not experienced significant human impact and ...
The Caucasus forms the traditional border between Europe and Asia. The highest point in the Caucasus is Mount Elbrus (5,642 m). The ecoregion also includes the Lesser Caucasus or Anti-Caucasus range, which lies south of the Caucasus, as well as the eastern end of the Pontic Mountains, which extends along the southern shore of the Black Sea.