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The Mediterranean countries are those that surround the Mediterranean Sea or located within the Mediterranean Basin. [1] Twenty sovereign countries in Southern Europe , Western Asia and North Africa regions border the sea itself, two island nations completely located in it ( Malta and Cyprus ), in addition to two British Overseas Territories ...
Physical and political map of the Mediterranean basin. In biogeography, the Mediterranean basin (/ ˌ m ɛ d ɪ t ə ˈ r eɪ n i ən / MED-ih-tə-RAY-nee-ən), also known as the Mediterranean region or sometimes Mediterranea, is the region of lands around the Mediterranean Sea that have mostly a Mediterranean climate, with mild to cool, rainy winters and warm to hot, dry summers, which ...
The two biggest islands of the Mediterranean: Sicily (right) and Sardinia (top left), which are both part of Italy. The following is a list of islands in the Mediterranean Sea. The two main island countries in the region are Malta and Cyprus, while other countries with islands in the Mediterranean Sea include Croatia, Italy, France, Greece ...
The Mediterranean Sea (/ ˌ m ɛ d ɪ t ə ˈ r eɪ n i ən / MED-ih-tə-RAY-nee-ən) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern Europe, on the south by North Africa, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border.
The Mediterranean countries were preferred because of the shorter route, and port cities such as Trieste with their direct, fast access to Central and Northern Europe were booming. [38] Italy conquered Libya from the Ottomans in 1911.
The Mediterranean and Submediterranean climate regions in Europe are found in much of southern Europe, mainly Portugal, Spain, Italy, Malta, Albania, Greece, Cyprus and all the mediterranean islands, but also in southeast France, the Balkan Mediterranean coast and part of Macedonia. [19] [20]
Map of Eastern Mediterranean, 1651. The eastern Mediterranean region is commonly interpreted in two ways: The Levant, including its historically tied neighboring countries, Balkans and islands of Greece. The region of Syria with the island of Cyprus (also known as the Levant), Egypt, Greek Dodecanese and Anatolian Turkey. [11]
In the 13th and 14th centuries, the term levante was used for Italian maritime commerce in the Eastern Mediterranean, including Greece, Anatolia, Syria-Palestine, and Egypt, that is, the lands east of Venice. [3] Eventually the term was restricted to the Muslim countries of Syria-Palestine and Egypt. [3]