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An aluminium alloy (UK/IUPAC) or aluminum alloy (NA; see spelling differences) is an alloy in which aluminium (Al) is the predominant metal. The typical alloying elements are copper , magnesium , manganese , silicon , tin , nickel and zinc .
As with almost all aluminium alloys, a distinction is made between wrought alloys for rolling and forging and cast alloys for casting. The copper content is usually between 3 and 6%. Between 0.3% and 6% the alloys are regarded as not weldable or very difficult to weld (by fusion welding), with higher copper contents they become weldable again.
This process is used most frequently to cast steel (in terms of tonnage cast). Aluminium and copper are also continuously cast. Sir Henry Bessemer, of Bessemer converter fame, received a patent in 1857 for casting metal between two counter-rotating rollers. The basic outline of this system has recently been implemented today in the casting of ...
The names aluminium and aluminum are derived from the word alumine, an obsolete term for alumina, [j] the primary naturally occurring oxide of aluminium. [118] Alumine was borrowed from French, which in turn derived it from alumen , the classical Latin name for alum , the mineral from which it was collected. [ 119 ]
Thixocasting utilizes a pre-cast billet with a non-dendritic microstructure that is normally produced by vigorously stirring the melt as the bar is being cast. Induction heating is normally used to re-heat the billets to the semi-solid temperature range, and die casting machines are used to inject the semi-solid material into hardened steel dies.
Aluminum cannot be dissolved in silicon at all, not even at high temperatures. Only in the molten state are both completely soluble. Increases in strength due to solid solution strengthening are negligible. [7] Pure AlSi alloys are smelted from primary aluminium, while AlSi alloys with other elements are usually smelted from secondary aluminium.
6061 aluminium alloy (Unified Numbering System (UNS) designation A96061) is a precipitation-hardened aluminium alloy, containing magnesium and silicon as its major alloying elements. Originally called "Alloy 61S", it was developed in 1935. [ 2 ]
Common casting metals are aluminium, magnesium, and copper alloys. Other materials include tin, zinc, and lead alloys and iron and steel are also cast in graphite molds. [1] [2] Typical products are components such as gears, splines, wheels, gear housings, pipe fittings, fuel injection housings, and automotive engine pistons. [1]
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