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A computational model uses computer programs to simulate and study complex systems [1] using an algorithmic or mechanistic approach and is widely used in a diverse range of fields spanning from physics, [2] engineering, [3] chemistry [4] and biology [5] to economics, psychology, cognitive science and computer science.
Computer simulation is the running of a mathematical model on a computer, the model being designed to represent the behaviour of, or the outcome of, a real-world or physical system. The reliability of some mathematical models can be determined by comparing their results to the real-world outcomes they aim to predict.
In computer science, and more specifically in computability theory and computational complexity theory, a model of computation is a model which describes how an output of a mathematical function is computed given an input. A model describes how units of computations, memories, and communications are organized. [1]
In the computer application of modeling and simulation a computer is used to build a mathematical model which contains key parameters of the physical model. The mathematical model represents the physical model in virtual form, and conditions are applied that set up the experiment of interest.
Lanner L-SIM Server - Java-based simulation engine for simulating BPMN2.0 based process models. MADYMO – automotive and transport safety software developed by Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research; Maple - a general-purpose computer algebra system developed and sold commercially by Waterloo Maple Inc.
A Turing machine is an idealised model of a central processing unit (CPU) that controls all data manipulation done by a computer, with the canonical machine using sequential memory to store data. Typically, the sequential memory is represented as a tape of infinite length on which the machine can perform read and write operations.
In any case, users of a model need to understand the assumptions made that are pertinent to its validity for a given use. Building a model requires abstraction. Assumptions are used in modelling in order to specify the domain of application of the model. For example, the special theory of relativity assumes an inertial frame of reference.
These models can be extended using functional decomposition, and can be linked to requirements models for further systems partition. Contrasting the functional modeling, another type of systems modeling is architectural modeling which uses the systems architecture to conceptually model the structure , behavior , and more views of a system.