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The history of computational thinking as a concept dates back at least to the 1950s but most ideas are much older. [6] [3] Computational thinking involves ideas like abstraction, data representation, and logically organizing data, which are also prevalent in other kinds of thinking, such as scientific thinking, engineering thinking, systems thinking, design thinking, model-based thinking, and ...
Education in Pakistan is under the administration of Federal and provincial governments, allowing multiple e-learning opportunities for individuals in Pakistan. [ 2 ] E-learning in Pakistan has become more popularized in 2020, due to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic , which resulted in the closure of public and private educational institutes ...
The education system in Pakistan [4] is generally divided into six levels: preschool (for the age from 3 to 5 years), primary (years one to five), middle (years six to eight), secondary (years nine and ten, leading to the Secondary School Certificate or SSC), intermediate (years eleven and twelve, leading to a Higher Secondary School ...
Automated decision-making involves using data as input to be analyzed within a process, model, or algorithm or for learning and generating new models. [7] ADM systems may use and connect a wide range of data types and sources depending on the goals and contexts of the system, for example, sensor data for self-driving cars and robotics, identity data for security systems, demographic and ...
Pakistan's communication system is also reliable. This has now fully graduated into the email, Internet and IT culture perse. The country is fast exploring the brave new world of information technology and keenly assimilating the requirements of e-government and e-commerce. Information technology has opened a new business frontier for Pakistan.
The National Education Assessment System (NEAS), (Urdu: قومی ماموریہَ برائے نظامِ تشخیصِ تعلیم) was an initiative of the Government of Pakistan aimed at identifying gaps, challenges, and diagnosing the strengths and weaknesses of the education system by measuring students' learning achievements. It sought to ...
The education system in Lahore is formulated along specific modern, religious, cultural, social, psychological, commerce and scientific injunctions. Lahore is Pakistan’s largest producer of professionals in the fields of science, technology, IT, engineering, medicine, nuclear sciences, pharmacology, telecommunication, biotechnology and microelectronics. [1]
Artificial intelligence (AI), in its broadest sense, is intelligence exhibited by machines, particularly computer systems.It is a field of research in computer science that develops and studies methods and software that enable machines to perceive their environment and use learning and intelligence to take actions that maximize their chances of achieving defined goals. [1]