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The four-sides model (also known as communication square or four-ears model) is a communication model postulated in 1981 by German psychologist Friedemann Schulz von Thun. According to this model every message has four facets though not the same emphasis might be put on each.
This makes the process more complicated since each participant acts both as sender and receiver. For many forms of communication, feedback is of vital importance, for example, to assess the effect of the communication on the audience. [17] [12] However, it does not carry the same weight in the case of mass communication. Some theorists argue ...
The communication skills required for successful communication are different for source and receiver. For the source, this includes the ability to express oneself or to encode the message in an accessible way. [8] Communication starts with a specific purpose and encoding skills are necessary to express this purpose in the form of a message.
Many models of communication include the idea that a sender encodes a message and uses a channel to transmit it to a receiver. Noise may distort the message along the way. The receiver then decodes the message and gives some form of feedback. [1] Models of communication simplify or represent the process of communication.
For Schramm, a central aspect of communication is that the participants "are trying to establish a 'commonness '" by sharing an idea or information. [9] [10] In this regard, communication can be defined as "the sharing of an orientation toward a set of informational signs" and is based on a relation between the communicators. [11]
Created Date: 8/30/2012 4:52:52 PM
The social identity model of deindividuation effects (or SIDE model) is a theory developed in social psychology and communication studies. SIDE explains the effects of anonymity and identifiability on group behavior. It has become one of several theories of technology that describe social effects of computer-mediated communication.
DePaulo et al. criticized IDT for failing to distinguish between interactive communication (which emphasizes the situational and contextual aspects of communicative exchanges) from interpersonal communication, which emphasizes exchanges in which the sender and receiver make psychological predictions about the other's behavior based on specific ...