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Naturalization (or naturalisation) is the legal act or process by which a non-national of a country acquires the nationality of that country after birth. [1] The definition of naturalization by the International Organization for Migration of the United Nations excludes citizenship that is automatically acquired (e.g. at birth) or is acquired by declaration.
Citizenship and nationality are two options in the {{Infobox person}} template which, though often related, are distinct concepts with different meanings. The purpose of this guideline is to provide editors with clear instructions that explain the differences between nationality and citizenship, why they are sometimes mistakenly used as synonyms, and how to decide whether either is appropriate ...
The Constitution of the United States did not define either nationality or citizenship, but in Article 1, section 8, clause 4 gave Congress the authority to establish a naturalization law. [10] Before the American Civil War and adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment , there was no other language in the Constitution dealing with nationality.
United States citizenship can be renounced by Americans via a formal procedure at a United States embassy. [9] [10] National citizenship signifies membership in the country as a whole; state citizenship, in contrast, signifies a relation between a person and a particular state and has application
Separately from this right, the Irish minister responsible for immigration may dispense with conditions of naturalisation to grant nationality to an applicant who "is of Irish descent or Irish associations," under section 15 of the Irish Nationality and Citizenship Act, 1986. With rare exceptions the applicant must be resident in the island of ...
Today, the concept of full citizenship encompasses not only active political rights, but full civil rights and social rights. [7] Historically, the most significant difference between a national and a citizen is that the citizen has the right to vote for elected officials, and the right to be elected. [7]
[5] [6] Those who are younger than 18 years old automatically derive U.S. citizenship if they have at least one U.S. citizen parent. [7] [8] The card is known as a "green card" because of its historical greenish color. [9] [10] It was formerly called a "certificate of alien registration" or an "alien registration receipt card". [11]
The distinction between the meaning of the terms citizenship and nationality is not always clear in the English language and differs by country. Generally, nationality refers a person's legal belonging to a nation state and is the common term used in international treaties when referring to members of a state; citizenship refers to the set of rights and duties a person has in that nation.