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Vertumnus and Pomona (c. 1618) by Peter Paul Rubens. In Roman mythology, Vertumnus (Latin pronunciation: [wɛr'tʊmnʊs]; also Vortumnus or Vertimnus) is the god of seasons, change [1] and plant growth, as well as gardens and fruit trees.
The Roman deities most widely known today are those the Romans identified with Greek counterparts, integrating Greek myths, iconography, and sometimes religious practices into Roman culture, including Latin literature, Roman art, and religious life as it was experienced throughout the Roman Empire. Many of the Romans' own gods remain obscure ...
Roman and Greek authors maintained Janus was an exclusively Roman god. [251] This claim is excessive according to R. Schilling, [252] at least as far as iconography is concerned. A god with two faces appears repeatedly in Sumerian and Babylonian art. [253]
A liminal deity is a god or goddess in mythology who presides over thresholds, gates, or doorways; "a crosser of boundaries". [1] These gods are believed to oversee a state of transition of some kind; such as, the old to the new, the unconscious to the conscious state, the familiar to the unknown.
Roman mythology is the body of myths of ancient Rome as represented in the literature and visual arts of the Romans, and is a form of Roman folklore. "Roman mythology" may also refer to the modern study of these representations, and to the subject matter as represented in the literature and art of other cultures in any period.
[74] In Roman art, the covered head is a symbol of pietas and the individual's status as a pontifex, augur or other priest. [75] It has been argued that the Roman expression of piety capite velato influenced Paul's prohibition against Christian men praying with covered heads: "Any man who prays or prophesies with his head covered dishonors his ...
The fulfillment of sacrificial obligation by loyal subjects would define them and their gods as Roman. [190] [191] Apostasy was sought, rather than capital punishment. [192] A year after its due deadline, the edict expired. [193] Nero's Torches, by Henryk Siemiradzki (1876). According to Tacitus, Nero used Christians as human torches
The Triumph of Christianity over Paganism, a painting by Gustave Doré (1899). Paganism is commonly used to refer to various religions that existed during Antiquity and the Middle Ages, such as the Greco-Roman religions of the Roman Empire, including the Roman imperial cult, the various mystery religions, religious philosophies such as Neoplatonism and Gnosticism, and more localized ethnic ...
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