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A statistical model represents, often in considerably idealized form, the data-generating process. [1] When referring specifically to probabilities, the corresponding term is probabilistic model. All statistical hypothesis tests and all statistical estimators are derived via statistical models.
A graphical model or probabilistic graphical model (PGM) or structured probabilistic model is a probabilistic model for which a graph expresses the conditional dependence structure between random variables. Graphical models are commonly used in probability theory, statistics—particularly Bayesian statistics—and machine learning.
The probability of observing a 0 or 1 in any one case is treated as depending on one or more explanatory variables. For the "linear probability model", this relationship is a particularly simple one, and allows the model to be fitted by linear regression.
A discriminative model is a model of the conditional probability (=) of the target Y, given an observation x. It can be used to "discriminate" the value of the target variable Y, given an observation x. [3] Classifiers computed without using a probability model are also referred to loosely as "discriminative".
Probability theory or probability calculus is the branch of mathematics concerned with probability. Although there are several different probability interpretations , probability theory treats the concept in a rigorous mathematical manner by expressing it through a set of axioms .
The curve shows the estimated probability of passing an exam (binary dependent variable) versus hours studying (scalar independent variable). See § Example for worked details. In statistics, the logistic model (or logit model) is a statistical model that models the log-odds of an event as a linear combination of one or more independent variables.
A mathematical model is an abstract description of a concrete system using mathematical concepts and language. ... Deterministic vs. probabilistic (stochastic).
A Tolerant Markov model (TMM) is a probabilistic-algorithmic Markov chain model. [6] It assigns the probabilities according to a conditioning context that considers the last symbol, from the sequence to occur, as the most probable instead of the true occurring symbol. A TMM can model three different natures: substitutions, additions or deletions.