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Islam recognizes no distinction among human beings based on color, language or tribe. All are considered equal in receiving human rights and in discharge duties. According to Islamic teaching, no privileged or chosen class exists except those having piety or moral excellence. [36] A Quranic injunction forbids the Muslims to underestimate others.
Abduh believed that the Islamic world was suffering from an inner decay and was in need of a revival. [19] Asserting that "Islam could be the moral basis of a modern and progressive society", [20] he was critical of both secularists and the conservative ulama. He called for a legal reform and the reinterpretation (ijtihad) of Islamic law ...
Islamic law, sharia, touches on virtually every aspect of life, from banking and finance and welfare to men's and women's roles and the environment. The two main religious festivals are Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha. The three holiest sites in Islam are Masjid al-Haram in Mecca, Prophet's Mosque in Medina, and al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem.
Divisions of the world in Islam; Islamic schools and branches a.k.a. ... Political aspects of Islam; Shia–Sunni relations; Islam and modernity. Islamic Modernism.
The terms Muslim world and Islamic world (Arabic: العالم الإسلامي, romanized: Al-ʿĀlam al-ʾIslāmī) commonly refer to the Islamic community, which is also known as the Ummah. This consists of all those who adhere to the religious beliefs, politics, and laws of Islam [1] or to societies in which Islam is practiced.
The religio-political ideology of Islamism (also often called political Islam or Islamic fundamentalism) [1] which has "arguably altered the Middle East more than any trend since the modern states gained independence", redefining "politics and even borders" (according to at least one observer (author Robin Wright), [2] is active in many countries around the world.
Political aspects of Islam are derived from the Quran, ḥadīth literature, and sunnah (accounts of the sayings and living habits attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad during his lifetime), [1] the history of Islam, and elements of political movements outside Islam.
With about 1.8 billion followers (2015), almost a quarter of earth's population, [111] Islam is the second-largest and the fastest-growing religion in the world, [112] primarily due to the young age and high fertility rate of Muslims, [113] with Muslims having a rate of (3.1) compared to the world average of (2.5).