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The carina is a cartilaginous ridge separating the left and right main bronchi that is formed by the inferior-ward and posterior-ward prolongation of the inferior-most tracheal cartilage. [2] The carina occurs at the lower end of the trachea - usually at the level of the 4th to 5th thoracic vertebra.
It bridges the gap between the free ends of C-shaped rings of cartilage at the posterior border of the trachea, adjacent to the oesophagus. [1] [2] [3] This completes the ring of cartilages of the trachea. [3] The trachealis muscle also supports a thin cartilage on the inside of the trachea. [4] It is the only smooth muscle present in the ...
The laryngotracheal groove is a precursor for the larynx and trachea. The rudiment of the respiratory organs appears as a median longitudinal groove in the ventral wall of the pharynx . The groove deepens, and its lips fuse to form a septum, which grows from below upward and converts the groove into a tube, the laryngotracheal tube .
An adult's trachea has an inner diameter of about 1.5 to 2 centimetres (1 ⁄ 2 to 3 ⁄ 4 in) and a length of about 10 to 11 cm (4 to 4 + 1 ⁄ 4 in), wider in males than females. [2] The trachea begins at the lower edge of the cricoid cartilage of the larynx [3] at the level of sixth cervical vertebra (C6) [2] and ends at the carina, the ...
The cricotracheal ligament connects (the inferior border of) the cricoid cartilage superiorly, and the first tracheal cartilage ring inferiorly. It is continuous with the tracheal perichondrium [1] and resembles the fibrous membrane which connects the cartilaginous rings of the trachea to each other. [citation needed] Cricotracheal ligament
The cricoid arch is the curved and vertically narrow anterior portion of the cricoid cartilage. Anteriorly, it measures 5-7 mm superoinferiorly; it becomes wider on eithers side towards its transition into the cricoid lamina of that side.
Hyaline cartilage is the most common kind of cartilage in the human body. [2] It is primarily composed of type II collagen and proteoglycans. [2] Hyaline cartilage is located in the trachea, nose, epiphyseal plate, sternum, and ribs. [2] Hyaline cartilage is covered externally by a fibrous membrane known as the perichondrium. [2]
Structures within the thoracic cavity include: structures of the cardiovascular system, including the heart and great vessels, which include the thoracic aorta, the pulmonary artery and all its branches, the superior and inferior vena cava, the pulmonary veins, and the azygos vein