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Naikan (Japanese: 内観, lit. ' introspection ') is a structured method of self-reflection developed by Yoshimoto Ishin (1916–1988) in the 1940s. [1] The practice is based around asking oneself three questions about a person in one's life: [2]
Self-reflection is the ability to witness and evaluate one's own cognitive, emotional, and behavioural processes. In psychology , other terms used for this self-observation include 'reflective awareness', and 'reflective consciousness', which originate from the work of William James .
Level 5—Self-consciousness or "meta" self-awareness: At this level not only is the self seen from a first person view but it is realized that it is also seen from a third person's view. A person who develops self consciousness begins to understand they can be in the mind of others: for instance, how they are seen from a public standpoint.
Self-knowledge is a term used in psychology to describe the information that an individual draws upon when finding answers to the questions "What am I like?" and "Who am I?". and "Who am I?". While seeking to develop the answer to this question, self-knowledge requires ongoing self-awareness and self-consciousness (which is not to be confused ...
The theory assumes that self-reflection and narration can be deepened by exploring the characteristics of emotions and motivation. The interpretation of these basic themes in self-narration is one of the main purposes of self- examination. [3] On the other hand, the ‘self’ in valuation theory is viewed as an ‘Organized process’.
In relation to empathy, Gerace and colleagues examined the relationship between self-reflection—including objective self-awareness and the trait of private self-consciousness—and perspective taking. In their review of the literature, these researchers argued that in studies where participants are made self-aware, they exhibit behaviours ...
The purpose of this questionnaire is to induce the subject's self-reflection and determine which I-positions are reflected by the participant's interlocutors and which of them give new and different points of view to the person. The method includes a list of potential positions.
For example, self-assessment may mean that in the short-term self-assessment may cause harm to a person's self-concept through realising that they may not have achieved as highly as they may like; however in the long term this may mean that they work harder in order to achieve greater things in the future, and as a result their self-esteem ...