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The following is a list of straight-chain alkanes, the total number of isomers of each (including branched chains), and their common names, sorted by number of carbon atoms. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Number of C atoms
For example, the simplest alkane is CH 4 methane, and the nine-carbon alkane CH 3 (CH 2) 7 CH 3 is named nonane. The names of the first four alkanes were derived from methanol , ether , propionic acid and butyric acid , respectively.
Simple branched alkanes often have a common name using a prefix to distinguish them from linear alkanes, for example n-pentane, isopentane, and neopentane. IUPAC naming conventions can be used to produce a systematic name. The key steps in the naming of more complicated branched alkanes are as follows: [9]
Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry, commonly referred to by chemists as the Blue Book, is a collection of recommendations on organic chemical nomenclature published at irregular intervals by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).
Articles about functional groups should use the name most commonly used to refer to the group in reliable sources (generally, the name of the corresponding radical) followed by the word "group", e.g. alkyl group, carboxyl group, phenyl group, carbonyl group, trimethylsilyl group, triflyl group. In many cases, the compound or compound class and ...
The prefixes taken from IUPAC nomenclature are used to name branched chained structures by their substituent groups, for example 3-methylpentane: The structure of 3-methylpentane is viewed as consisting of two parts. First, five atoms comprise the longest straight chain of carbon centers.
An alkane is a saturated hydrocarbon. See Alkane. Alkanes as substituents are called alkyl groups Subcategories. This category has the following 5 subcategories, out ...
The naming of polycyclic alkanes such as bicyclic alkanes and spiro alkanes is more complex, with the base name indicating the number of carbons in the ring system, a prefix indicating the number of rings ( "bicyclo-" or "spiro-"), and a numeric prefix before that indicating the number of carbons in each part of each ring, exclusive of ...