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A seamount is a large submarine landform that rises from the ocean floor without reaching the water surface (), and thus is not an island, islet, or cliff-rock.Seamounts are typically formed from extinct volcanoes that rise abruptly and are usually found rising from the seafloor to 1,000–4,000 m (3,300–13,100 ft) in height.
Ioah Guyot is a seamount in the Pacific Ocean, close to the Marshall Islands. [2] Part of the Magellan Seamounts, it is a shield volcano that has erupted alkali basalt and hawaiite 87 million years ago, but may have continued erupting into the Miocene. During the Cretaceous, reefs developed on the guyot.
Map of world's major seamounts. A list of active and extinct submarine volcanoes and seamounts located under the world's oceans. There are estimated to be 40,000 to 55,000 seamounts in the global oceans. [1] Almost all are not well-mapped and many may not have been identified at all. Most are unnamed and unexplored.
The Bear Seamount (left), a guyot in the northern Atlantic Ocean. In marine geology, a guyot (/ ˈ ɡ iː. oʊ, ɡ iː ˈ oʊ /), [1] [2] also called a tablemount, is an isolated underwater volcanic mountain with a flat top more than 200 m (660 ft) below the surface of the sea. [3] The diameters of these flat summits can exceed 10 km (6 mi). [3]
Green Seamount is a small seamount (an underwater volcano) off the western coast of Mexico. It and the nearby Red Seamount were visited in 1982 by an expedition using DSV Alvin, which observed the seamount's sedimentary composition, sulfur chimneys, and biology. Thus, Green Seamount is well-characterized for such a small feature. [4]
Cobb Seamount is a seamount (underwater volcano) and guyot located 500 km (310 mi) west of Grays Harbor, Washington, United States. [2] Cobb Seamount is one of the seamounts in the Cobb–Eickelberg Seamount chain , a chain of underwater volcanoes created by the Cobb hotspot that terminates near the coast of Alaska.
A seamount is an underwater volcano; Davidson rises 7,480 ft (2,280 m) above the surrounding ocean floor. Although there are over 30,000 seamounts in the Pacific Ocean alone, only about 0.1% of them have been explored. [4] The aqueous environment of the seamount means that it behaves differently from volcanoes on land.
The base of Axial Seamount is a long, low-lying plateau, and the eastern part of the seamount is defined by a series of linear scarps. Axial Seamount has two major volcanic rifts extending approximately 50 km (31 mi) north and south of its main summit, as well as several much smaller, ill-defined ones aligned in a roughly similar pattern.