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Order of independence of African nations, 1950–2011. The decolonisation of Africa was a series of political developments in Africa that spanned from the mid-1950s to 1975, during the Cold War. Colonial governments gave way to sovereign states in a process often marred by violence, political turmoil, widespread unrest, and organised revolts.
Algeria gained independence on February 20, 1962 when the French government signed a peace accord. [4] While the women's movement made significant gains post-independence, peace in the country did not last long. Shortly after gaining independence, the Algerian Civil War began. The civil war erupted from anger regarding one party rule and ever ...
Gained independence as the Dominion of Ceylon. Renamed Sri Lanka in 1972 upon being declared a republic. Sudan: 1 January: 1956 South Sudan gained independence from Sudan on 9 July 2011. Tanganyika: 9 December: 1961: Tanganyika became independent on 9 December 1961. It joined with Zanzibar on 25 April 1964 to form Tanzania. The Bahamas: 10 July ...
The last African countries to gain formal independence were Guinea-Bissau (1974), Mozambique (1975) and Angola (1975) from Portugal; Djibouti from France in 1977; Zimbabwe from the United Kingdom in 1980; and Namibia from South Africa in 1990. Eritrea later split off from Ethiopia in 1993. [201]
The Dervish State was the only Muslim state on the African continent to maintain its independence. [114] The Dervishes were finally defeated in 1920 after the Somaliland Campaign . Egba , a government of the Egba people in Nigeria, was legally recognised by the British as independent until being annexed into the Colony and Protectorate of ...
The Second All-African Peoples' Conference, held from 25 to 31 January, called for Africa's complete independence and the establishment of an African bank. [ 30 ] [ 31 ] In the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Ethiopian runner Abebe Bikila won the marathon and became the first Black African to receive an Olympic gold medal.
While the British sought to follow a process of gradual transfer of power and thus independence, the French policy of assimilation faced some resentment, especially in North Africa. [22] The granting of independence in March 1956 to Morocco and Tunisia allowed a concentration on Algeria where there was a long ( 1954–62 ) and bloody armed ...
This is a list of the dates when African states were made colonies or protectorates of European powers and lost their independence ... South Africa: 1879 United Kingdom: