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Social position is the position of an individual in a given society and culture. A given position (for example, the occupation of priest) may belong to many individuals.
Social status is the relative level of social value a person is considered to possess. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Such social value includes respect, honor , assumed competence, and deference. [ 3 ] On one hand, social scientists view status as a "reward" for group members who treat others well and take initiative. [ 4 ]
As such, stratification is the relative social position of persons within a social group, category, geographic region, or social unit. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] In modern Western societies , social stratification is defined in terms of three social classes : an upper class , a middle class , and a lower class ; in turn, each class can be subdivided ...
A social class or social stratum is a grouping of people into a set of hierarchical social categories, [1] the most common being the working class, middle class, and upper class. Membership of a social class can for example be dependent on education, wealth, occupation, income, and belonging to a particular subculture or social network.
A role (also rôle or social role) is a set of connected behaviors, rights, obligations, beliefs, and norms as conceptualized by people in a social situation. It is an expected or free or continuously changing behavior and may have a given individual social status or social position .
Status groups feature in the varieties of social stratification addressed in popular literature and in the academic literature, such as categorization of people by race, ethnic group, racial caste, professional groups, community groups, nationalities, etc. [7] These contrast with relationships rooted in economic relations, which Weber calls ...
The term master status is defined as "a status that has exceptional importance for social identity, often shaping a person's entire life." [ 1 ] In other words, a personal characteristic is a master status when that one characteristic overshadows or even redefines one's other personal characteristics and/or shapes a person's life course.
Achieved status is a concept developed by the anthropologist Ralph Linton for a social position that a person can acquire on the basis of merit and is earned or chosen through one's own effort. It is the opposite of ascribed status and reflects personal skills, abilities, and efforts.