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Here are 13 states that won't tax your Social Security, 401(k), individual retirement account (IRA), or pension income. A map of the U.S. overlaid with $100 bills. Image source: Getty Images.
Several states don’t tax military retirement pay, while other states treat pension income differently than distributions from retirement plans such as 401(k)s or IRAs.
Retirement plans are classified as either defined benefit plans or defined contribution plans, depending on how benefits are determined.. In a defined benefit (or pension) plan, benefits are calculated using a fixed formula that typically factors in final pay and service with an employer, and payments are made from a trust fund specifically dedicated to the plan.
Additional legislation since 2001 has further relaxed restrictions. Essentially, most retirement plans can be rolled into an IRA after meeting certain criteria, and most retirement plans can accept funds from an IRA. An example of an exception is a non-governmental 457 plan which cannot be rolled into anything but another non-governmental 457 plan.
A Defined Benefit Plan is commonly recognized as a "pension" in the United States. The structure of these plans guarantees a payout to a retiree following their date of retirement. This contrasts with a Defined Contribution Plan which creates a trust based on the amount invested by an employee during their working years.
Private sector employers that once offered workers traditional pensions, typically defined benefit plans, have been encouraging people to roll over their pensions into tax-advantaged plans like ...
Pension benefits are primarily designed to favor workers who work a full career (typically at least 25 years of service), which account for approximately 24% of state-level public workers. In a study of 335 statewide retirement plans, Equable Institute found that 74.1% of pension plans in the US served this group of workers well.
To consider: 403(b) plans offer a narrow choice of investments compared to other retirement savings plans. The IRS states these plans can only offer annuities provided through an insurance company ...