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Prostate cancer staging is the process by which physicians categorize the risk of cancer having spread beyond the prostate, or equivalently, the probability of being cured with local therapies such as surgery or radiation. Once patients are placed in prognostic categories, this information can contribute to the selection of an optimal approach ...
Bone metastasis, or osseous metastatic disease, is a category of cancer metastases that result from primary tumor invasions into bones. Bone-originating primary tumors such as osteosarcoma , chondrosarcoma , and Ewing sarcoma are rare; the most common bone tumor is a metastasis. [ 1 ]
"The bones of the pelvis and the spine are common first areas of metastasis for prostate cancer," says Dr. Daniel Phillips, MD, a urologist with Memorial Hermann. "Pain in these regions may be ...
Because of their location and lack of valves, they are believed to provide a route for the spread of cancer metastases. [2] [3] [4] These metastases commonly arise from cancer of the pelvic organs such as the rectum [5] and prostate [6] and may spread to the vertebral column or brain.
The propensity for a metastatic cell to spread to a particular organ is termed 'organotropism'. For example, prostate cancer usually metastasizes to the bones. In a similar manner, colon cancer has a tendency to metastasize to the liver. Stomach cancer often metastasises to the ovary in women, when it is called a Krukenberg tumor. [citation needed]
For example, in the cases of breast cancer and prostate cancer, doctors routinely can identify that the cancer is early and that it has low risk of metastasis. [2] In such cases, medical specialty professional organizations recommend against the use of PET scans , CT scans , or bone scans because research shows that the risk of getting such ...
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