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  2. Arrow's impossibility theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow's_impossibility_theorem

    Condorcet's example is already enough to see the impossibility of a fair ranked voting system, given stronger conditions for fairness than Arrow's theorem assumes. [20] Suppose we have three candidates ( A {\displaystyle A} , B {\displaystyle B} , and C {\displaystyle C} ) and three voters whose preferences are as follows:

  3. Social Choice and Individual Values - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_Choice_and...

    The work culminated in what Arrow called the "General Possibility Theorem," better known thereafter as Arrow's (impossibility) theorem. The theorem states that, absent restrictions on either individual preferences or neutrality of the constitution to feasible alternatives, there exists no social choice rule that satisfies a set of plausible ...

  4. Kenneth Arrow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Arrow

    Kenneth Joseph Arrow (August 23, 1921 – February 21, 2017) was an American economist, mathematician and political theorist.He received the John Bates Clark Medal in 1957, and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1972, along with John Hicks.

  5. Independence of irrelevant alternatives - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_of_irrelevant...

    In social choice theory, independence of irrelevant alternatives is often stated as "if one candidate (X) would win an election without a new candidate (Y), and Y is added to the ballot, then either X or Y should win the election." Arrow's impossibility theorem shows that no reasonable (non-random, non-dictatorial) ranked voting system can ...

  6. Social welfare function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_welfare_function

    Arrow's impossibility theorem is a key result on social welfare functions, showing an important difference between social and consumer choice: whereas it is possible to construct a rational (non-self-contradictory) decision procedure for consumers based only on ordinal preferences, it is impossible to do the same in the social choice setting ...

  7. Unrestricted domain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unrestricted_domain

    In social choice theory, unrestricted domain, or universality, is a property of social welfare functions in which all preferences of all voters (but no other considerations) are allowed. Intuitively, unrestricted domain is a common requirement for social choice functions, and is a condition for Arrow's impossibility theorem.

  8. Dictatorship mechanism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatorship_mechanism

    Non-dictatorship is one of the necessary conditions in Arrow's impossibility theorem. [1] In Social Choice and Individual Values , Kenneth Arrow defines non-dictatorship as: There is no voter i {\displaystyle i} in { 1 , ..., n } such that, for every set of orderings in the domain of the constitution, and every pair of social states x and y , x ...

  9. Voting criteria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plurality_criterion

    In social choice theory, unrestricted domain, or universality, is a property of social welfare functions in which all preferences of all voters (but no other considerations) are allowed. Intuitively, unrestricted domain is a common requirement for social choice functions, and is a condition for Arrow's impossibility theorem.