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The fracture occurs at the hypertrophic zone of the physeal cartilage. Stress on the hip causes the epiphysis to move posteriorly and medially, relative to the metaphysis. Although it is not the epiphysis that displaced, by convention, position and alignment in SCFE is described by referring to the relationship of the proximal fragment (capital ...
In the early stages of the disease, there are no obvious X-ray findings. The presence of radiolucent area in the epiphyseal region and flattening of the femoral condyle can be found in late stages of the disease. MRI has been proven to be both sensitive and specific for the disease.
Front X-ray of right knee of an adolescent (epiphyseal plates are open): arrows point to avascular necrosis and developing osteochondritis dissecans in the outer medial condyle of femur. In the early stages, bone scintigraphy and MRI are the preferred diagnostic tools. [18] [19] X-ray images of avascular necrosis in the early stages usually ...
The cartilage cap merges with the epiphyseal area of the long bones called spongiosa. In the spongiosa, the chondrocytes are arranged in accordance with the epiphyseal growth plate. The spongiosa of the stalk continues with the underlying cancellous bone. Fractures within the stalk causes fibroblastic proliferation and formation of a new bone.
A latent cyst is located away from the epiphyseal plate and is more likely to heal with treatment. [4] It is typically diagnosed in under 20 year olds. [ 1 ] Although unicameral bone cysts can form in any bone structure, it is predominantly found in the proximal humerus and proximal femur ; additionally, it affects males twice as often as females.
The knee anatomy provides insight into predicting why certain fracture patterns occur more often than others. The medial plateau is larger and significantly stronger than the lateral plateau. Also, there is a natural valgus or outward angulation alignment to the limb which coupled with the often valgus or outwardly angulating force on impact ...
A femoral fracture is a bone fracture that involves the femur. They are typically sustained in high-impact trauma, such as car crashes , due to the large amount of force needed to break the bone. Fractures of the diaphysis , or middle of the femur, are managed differently from those at the head, neck, and trochanter ; those are conventionally ...
In the lower body, the femur is a prominent bone positioned between the hip and knee. As the longest bone in the human body, it plays a pivotal role in forming the upper part of the knee joint. In the lower leg, the tibia and fibula are two parallel bones that complete the lower half of the knee joint.