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  2. Glia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glia

    Glia, also called glial cells (gliocytes) or neuroglia, are non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system (the brain and the spinal cord) and in the peripheral nervous system that do not produce electrical impulses. The neuroglia make up more than one half the volume of neural tissue in the human body. [1]

  3. Microglia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microglia

    Microglia also constantly monitor neuronal functions through direct somatic contacts via their microglial processes, and exert neuroprotective effects when needed. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] The brain and spinal cord, which make up the CNS, are not usually accessed directly by pathogenic factors in the body's circulation due to a series of endothelial cells ...

  4. Brain cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_cell

    The two main types of cells in the brain are neurons, also known as nerve cells, and glial cells, also known as neuroglia. [1] There are many types of neuron, and several types of glial cell. Neurons are the excitable cells of the brain that function by communicating with other neurons and interneurons (via synapses ), in neural circuits and ...

  5. Nervous tissue - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nervous_tissue

    Nervous tissue, also called neural tissue, is the main tissue component of the nervous system.The nervous system regulates and controls body functions and activity. It consists of two parts: the central nervous system (CNS) comprising the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) comprising the branching peripheral nerves.

  6. Oligodendrocyte - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligodendrocyte

    Oligodendrocytes are a type of glial cell, non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system.They arise during development from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), [8] which can be identified by their expression of a number of antigens, including the ganglioside GD3, [9] [10] [11] the NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, and the platelet-derived growth factor-alpha receptor subunit (PDGF ...

  7. Neuroimmune system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroimmune_system

    The key cellular components of the neuroimmune system are glial cells, including astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. [1] [2] [5] Unlike other hematopoietic cells of the peripheral immune system, mast cells naturally occur in the brain where they mediate interactions between gut microbes, the immune system, and the central nervous system as part of the microbiota–gut–brain axis.

  8. Neurogliaform cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurogliaform_cell

    Functionally, NGF cells are GABAergic and their function in the mature brain is inhibition. However, they are suspected to signal more through volume transmission as opposed to the typical chemical synapse .

  9. Schwann cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwann_cell

    Schwann cells or neurolemmocytes (named after German physiologist Theodor Schwann) are the principal glia of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Glial cells function to support neurons and in the PNS, also include satellite cells, olfactory ensheathing cells, enteric glia and glia that reside at sensory nerve endings, such as the Pacinian corpuscle.