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The stigma, together with the style and ovary (typically called the stigma-style-ovary system) comprises the pistil, which is part of the gynoecium or female reproductive organ of a plant. The stigma itself forms the distal portion of the style, or stylodia, and is composed of stigmatic papillae , the cells of which are receptive to pollen.
The stigma sits at the apex of the column in the front but is pointing downwards after resupination (the rotation by 180 degrees before unfolding of the flower). [ citation needed ] This stigma has the form of a small bowl, the clinandrium , a viscous surface embedding the (generally) single anther.
Reverse herkogamy - (called "thrum flowers") is displayed when the stigma is recessed below the level of the anthers. This arrangement causes floral visitors to first contact the anthers before the stigma. For this reason, reverse herkogamy is believed to facilitate greater pollen export than approach herkogamy.
Diagram of a blooming flower showing the position of the style. In botany, the style of an angiosperm flower is an organ of variable length that connects the ovary to the stigma. [1] The style does not contain ovules; these are limited to the region of the gynoecium (female organs of the flower) called the "ovary".
Close-up of a Schlumbergera flower, showing part of the gynoecium (specifically the stigma and part of the style) and the stamens that surround it. Plant reproductive morphology is the study of the physical form and structure (the morphology) of those parts of plants directly or indirectly concerned with sexual reproduction.
Some flowers may self-pollinate, producing seed using pollen from a different flower of the same plant, but others have mechanisms to prevent self-pollination and rely on cross-pollination, when pollen is transferred from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower on a different individual of the same species.
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Stigma (anatomy), a small spot, mark, scar, or minute hole; Stigma (botany), part of the female reproductive part of a flower; Pterostigma, a cell in the outer wing of insects; Eyespot apparatus, or stigma, a light-detecting organelle in cells