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  2. Endoplasmic reticulum resident protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulum...

    ER retention refers to proteins that are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum, or ER, after folding; these are known as ER resident proteins. Protein localization to the ER often depends on certain sequences of amino acids located at the N terminus or C terminus. These sequences are known as signal peptides, molecular signatures, or sorting ...

  3. Endoplasmic-reticulum-associated protein degradation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic-reticulum...

    HIV uses an efficient mechanism to dislocate a single-membrane-spanning host protein, CD4, from the ER and submits it to ERAD. The Vpu protein of HIV-1 is a protein on the ER membrane and targets newly made CD4 in the endoplasmic reticulum for degradation by cytosolic proteasomes. [3] Vpu only utilizes part of the ERAD process to degrade CD4.

  4. Endoplasmic reticulum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulum

    The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a part of a transportation system of the eukaryotic cell, and has many other important functions such as protein folding. It is a type of organelle made up of two subunits – rough endoplasmic reticulum ( RER ), and smooth endoplasmic reticulum ( SER ).

  5. Unfolded protein response - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unfolded_protein_response

    The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular stress response related to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. [1] It has been found to be conserved between mammalian species, [2] as well as yeast [1] [3] and worm organisms. The UPR is activated in response to an accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the lumen of the

  6. Membrane contact site - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_contact_site

    PM-ER contact sites have a well known role in the control of calcium dynamics. The major intracellular pool of calcium is the ER and its release may be triggered by different stimuli. In excitable cells the coupling between PM depolarization and the release from the intracellular pools is essential to generate the Ca 2+ signalling.

  7. 5-plus feet of snow and counting: More snow is coming to the ...

    www.aol.com/5-plus-feet-snow-counting-163346944.html

    In neighboring Ashtabula County, Ohio, resident Ashley Drew shared footage of a Conneaut home vanishing into a blanket of heavy snow Saturday, with its blue front door just partially visible as ...

  8. Biological network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_network

    In biology, pairwise interactions have historically been the focus of intense study. With the recent advances in network science , it has become possible to scale up pairwise interactions to include individuals of many species involved in many sets of interactions to understand the structure and function of larger ecological networks . [ 27 ]

  9. These vascular risks are strongly associated with severe ...

    www.aol.com/news/controlling-three-things...

    Prior research has linked obesity, high blood pressure and elevated cholesterol to strokes, which is consistent with this new study’s findings. “Our study highlights that some risk factors are ...