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Downhill creep, also known as soil creep or commonly just creep, is a type of creep characterized by the slow, downward progression of rock and soil down a low grade slope; it can also refer to slow deformation of such materials as a result of prolonged pressure and stress.
The surface soil can migrate under the influence of cycles of freezing and thawing, or hot and cold temperatures, inching its way towards the bottom of the slope forming terracettes. Landslides are often preceded by soil creep accompanied with soil sloughing—loose soil that falls and accumulates at the base of the steepest creep sections. [8]
A landslide in which the sliding surface is located within the soil mantle or weathered bedrock (typically to a depth from few decimeters to some meters) is called a shallow landslide. Debris slides and debris flows are usually shallow.
It is an intermediate type of mass wasting that is between downhill creep and mudflow. The types of materials that are susceptible to earthflows are clay, fine sand and silt, and fine-grained pyroclastic material. [1] When the ground materials become saturated with enough water, they will start flowing (soil liquefaction). Its speed can range ...
The landslide is classified as a rock slide-debris avalanche using the Varnes (1978) [13] or Cruden and Varnes (1996) [14] classification. Volume estimates in recent publications range between 14 MCM ( million cubic metres ) and 20 MCM, converging on or about 15 MCM.
Ice creep; Frost creep [A] Gelifluction; Plug-like flow; Slow solifluction acts much slower than some geochemical fluxes or than other erosion processes. [1] The relatively low rates at which solifluction operates contrast with its occurrence over wide mountain areas and periglaciated lowlands.
Landslide causes include geological factors, morphological factors, physical factors and factors associated with human activity. This section is in list format but may read better as prose . You can help by converting this section , if appropriate.
The natural profile is often highly irregular with large areas of natural creep, so that its shallow development can make some areas unserviceable as a cutting or infill point. Where the buried shapes of older landslides are complicated, depositing infill material in one area can trigger a new landslide.