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Dietary fiber is defined to be plant components that are not broken down by human digestive enzymes. [1] In the late 20th century, only lignin and some polysaccharides were known to satisfy this definition, but in the early 21st century, resistant starch and oligosaccharides were included as dietary fiber components.
Starch has been classified as rapidly digestible starch, slowly digestible starch and resistant starch, depending upon its digestion profile. [45] Raw starch granules resist digestion by human enzymes and do not break down into glucose in the small intestine - they reach the large intestine instead and function as prebiotic dietary fiber . [ 46 ]
Resistant starch is considered both a dietary fiber and a functional fiber, depending on whether it is naturally in foods or added. [51] [52] [53] Although the U.S. Institute of Medicine has defined total fiber as equal to functional fiber plus dietary fiber, [54] U.S. food labeling does not distinguish between them. [55]
Inulin-containing foods can be rather gassy, especially for those unaccustomed to inulin and these foods should be consumed in moderation at first. [citation needed] Inulin is a soluble fiber, one of three types of dietary fiber including soluble, insoluble and resistant starch. Soluble fiber dissolves in water to form a gelatinous material.
A suitably modified starch is used as a fat substitute for low-fat versions of traditionally fatty foods, [5] e.g. industrial milk-based desserts like yogurt [6] or reduced-fat hard salami [7] having about 1/3 the usual fat content. For the latter type of uses, it is an alternative to the product Olestra.
Starches are insoluble in water. They can be digested by breaking the alpha-linkages (glycosidic bonds). Both humans and other animals have amylases so that they can digest starches. Potato, rice, wheat, and maize are major sources of starch in the human diet. The formations of starches are the ways that plants store glucose. [14]
Jump to content. Main menu. Main menu. move to ... Food Saturated ... unsaturated As weight percent (%) of total fat; Cooking oils; Algal oil [1] 4: 92: 4 Canola [2 ...
Included for each food is its weight in grams, its calories, and (also in grams,) the amount of protein, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, fat, and saturated fat. [1] As foods vary by brands and stores, the figures should only be considered estimates, with more exact figures often included on product labels.