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Petroleum [a] is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture. It consists mainly of hydrocarbons, [1] and is found in geological formations.The term petroleum refers both to naturally occurring unprocessed crude oil, as well as to petroleum products that consist of refined crude oil.
Some statistics on this page are disputed and controversial—different sources (OPEC, CIA World Factbook, oil companies) give different figures. Some of the differences reflect different types of oil included. Different estimates may or may not include oil shale, mined oil sands or natural gas liquids.
This list of oil fields includes some major oil fields of the past and present. Countries by proven oil reserves 2017. The list is incomplete; there are more than 25,000 oil and gas fields of all sizes in the world. [1] However, 94 % of known oil is concentrated in fewer than 1,500 giant and major fields. [2]
Crude oil is found in all oil reservoirs formed in the Earth's crust from the remains of once-living things. Evidence indicates that millions of years of heat and pressure changed the remains of microscopic plants and animals into oil and natural gas.
The leading crude oil-producing areas in the United States in 2023 were Texas, followed by the offshore federal zone of the Gulf of Mexico, North Dakota and New Mexico. [2] The United States became the largest producer of crude oil of any nation in history in 2023. [3] Natural gas production reached record highs. [4]
Top 5 oil-producing countries 1980–2022 World oil production. This is a list of countries by oil production (i.e., petroleum production), as compiled from the U.S. Energy Information Administration database for calendar year 2023, tabulating all countries on a comparable best-estimate basis.
A map of world oil production (2013) Oil-producing countries (information from 2006 to 2012) This article includes a chart representing proven reserves, production, consumption, exports and imports of oil by country.
This breakthrough led to major oil reservoirs being found in every geological formation from the Cambrian Period to the Permian Period. Significant discoveries included the Embrar oil field (1942), the TXL oil field (1944), the Dollarhide oil field (1945), and the Block 31 oil field (1945). [35]: 200–201, 230–231 [36]