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Pay grades [1] are used by the eight structurally organized uniformed services of the United States [2] (Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, Space Force, Coast Guard, Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, and NOAA Commissioned Officer Corps), as well as the Maritime Service, to determine wages and benefits based on the corresponding military rank of a member of the services.
When the duties of Admiral of the Fleet were separated from Red squadron in 1805, the Admiral of the Red was created, and until 1864 this rank was the second highest rank in order of precedence. In 1864 it was abolished as a promotional rank (pictured opposite is the command flag for an Admiral of the Red).
The structure of United States military ranks had its roots in British military traditions, adopting the same or similar ranks and titles. At the start of the American Revolutionary War in 1775, the Continental Army's lack of standardized uniforms and insignia proved confusing for soldiers in the field.
The nine flag officers were ordered in seniority by squadron: admiral of the Red and commander in chief of the fleet, admiral of the White, admiral of the Blue, vice admiral of the Red, vice admiral of the White, vice admiral of the Blue, rear admiral of the Red, rear admiral of the White, rear admiral of the Blue. [62] [63] [64]
[1] - US DoD, The United States Military Rank Insignia All Warrant Officer grades are authorized, but not used by the Air Force [2] - Office of the Law Revision Counsel. "U.S. Code TITLE 42-THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE, section 207(a)-Grades, ranks, and titles of commissioned corps (2006)" (PDF).
A general officer is an officer of high military rank; in the uniformed services of the United States, general officers are commissioned officers above the field officer ranks, the highest of which is colonel in the Army, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Space Force and captain in the Navy, Coast Guard, Public Health Service Commissioned Corps (PHSCC), and National Oceanic and Atmospheric ...
The Royal Navy used the colours red, white, and blue, in descending order to indicate seniority of its admirals until 1864; for example, Horatio Nelson's highest rank was vice-admiral of the white. The generic term for these naval equivalents of army generals is flag officer. [18]
The Joint Chiefs of Staff in May 2024. Clockwise from left: George, Smith, Franchetti, Allvin, Saltzman, Hokanson, Grady, and Brown. Although four-star officers appeared in organizations like the Continental Army before the United States of America was founded in 1776, the legislative history of four-star officers in the United States uniformed services began in 1799, when Congress authorized ...