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Power steering is a system for reducing a driver's effort to turn a steering wheel of a motor vehicle, by using a power source to assist steering. [1]Hydraulic or electric actuators add controlled energy to the steering mechanism, so the driver can provide less effort to turn the steered wheels when driving at typical speeds, and considerably reduce the physical effort necessary to turn the ...
Applications that once were thought to require higher voltages, such as electrical power steering, were subsequently achieved with 12-volt systems. [1] In the late 2000s, 42-volt electrical components were used in only a few automotive applications, since incandescent light bulbs work well at 12 volts and switching of a 42-volt circuit is more ...
The front wheel steering uses electric power assist [19] while an electronic system controls the rear wheel steering and turns them in the opposite direction of the front wheels when turning at lower speeds, and slightly in the same direction as the front wheels at higher speeds in order to increase stability. [20]
As such an 48-volt electrical system has been introduced. Most modern systems, such as power windows, power seats, and power door locks, are electrically powered. Electrically driven power steering systems have been developed and are used in numerous models. High-efficiency all-electric refrigerant compressors for air conditioning are starting ...
Steering Systems: active steering, electric power steering, hydraulic power steering and torque overlay Electric Power Steering: Since 1999, Nexteer Automotive has put more than 70 million EPS units on the road. [14] Steering Components: columns; electronics, modules & sub-assemblies; intermediate shafts.
Typical passenger car and light truck alternators are rated around 50–70 A, [citation needed] though higher ratings are becoming more common, especially as there is more load on the vehicle's electrical system with air conditioning, electric power steering and other electrical systems. Very large alternators used on buses, heavy equipment or ...
A Hydraulic Power Steering (HPS) uses hydraulic pressure supplied by an engine-driven pump to assist the motion of turning the steering wheel. Electric Power Steering (EPS) is more efficient than hydraulic power-steering, since the electric power-steering motor only needs to provide assistance when the steering wheel is turned, whereas the ...
Active steering describes a type of power electric variable gear ratio power steering technology introduced by BMW in 2003 first appearing on the redesigned 5 Series which varies the degree that the wheels turn in response to the steering wheel. At lower speeds, this technology reduces the amount that the steering wheel must be turned ...