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In most Unix-like systems, most of the machine code that makes up the dynamic linker is actually an external executable that the operating system kernel loads and executes first in a process address space newly constructed as a result of calling exec or posix_spawn functions. At link time, the path of the dynamic linker that should be used is ...
An ELF file has two views: the program header shows the segments used at run time, whereas the section header lists the set of sections.. In computing, the Executable and Linkable Format [2] (ELF, formerly named Extensible Linking Format) is a common standard file format for executable files, object code, shared libraries, and core dumps.
A linker script may be passed to GNU ld to exercise fine grain control of the linking process. [6] Two versions of ld are provided in binutils: the traditional GNU ld based on bfd, and a streamlined ELF-only version called gold. The LLVM project's linker, lld, is designed to be drop-in compatible, [7] and may be used directly with the GNU ...
A dynamic-link library (DLL) is a shared library in the Microsoft Windows or OS/2 operating system. A DLL can contain executable code (functions), data, and resources. A DLL file often has file extension.dll even though this is not required. The extension is sometimes used to describe the content of the file.
Examples of file formats use for both dynamic library and executable files include ELF, Mach-O, and PE. A dynamic library is called by different names in different contexts. In Windows and OS/2 the technology is called dynamic-link library. In Unix-like user space, it's called dynamic shared object (DSO), or usually just shared object (SO).
[9] Using weak symbols in static libraries has other semantics than in shared ones, i.e. with a static library the symbol lookup stops at the first symbol – even if it is just weak and an object file with a strong symbol is also included in the library archive. On Linux, the linker option --whole-archive changes that behavior. [10]
The invention of dynamic address translation (the function provided by an MMU) originally reduced the need for position-independent code because every process could have its own independent address space (range of addresses). However, multiple simultaneous jobs using the same code created a waste of physical memory.
Dynamic loading is a mechanism by which a computer program can, at run time, load a library (or other binary) into memory, retrieve the addresses of functions and variables contained in the library, execute those functions or access those variables, and unload the library from memory.