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The metacentric height (GM) is a measurement of the initial static stability of a floating body. [1] It is calculated as the distance between the centre of gravity of a ship and its metacentre . A larger metacentric height implies greater initial stability against overturning.
Generally these Coast Guard rules concern a minimum metacentric height or a minimum righting moment. Because different countries may have different requirements for the minimum metacentric height, most ships are now fitted with stability computers that calculate this distance on the fly based on the cargo or crew loading.
The metacentric height (GM), which dominates stability, can be estimated from the design, but an accurate value must be determined by an inclining test. The inclining test is usually done inshore in calm weather, in still water, and free of mooring restraints to achieve accuracy.
Harrison Butler was "a strong believer in the 'metacentric shelf formula' to achieve good balance and handling under sail. The theory held that as a yacht heels under sail, its balance will depend on the immersed form of the hull, with different sections exerting varying degrees of buoyancy and aft sections possibly being more buoyant than forward sections.
The vessel is in normal operational configuration. The hull is not breached in any compartment. The vessel will be expected to meet various stability criteria such as GMt (metacentric height), area under the GZ (righting lever) curve, range of stability, trim, etc.
At design combat displacement, the ships' (GM) metacentric height was 9.26 ft (2.82 m). [30] They also have excellent maneuverability in the open water for their size, while seakeeping is described as good, but not outstanding.
Angle of loll is the state of a ship that is unstable when upright (i.e. has a negative metacentric height) and therefore takes on an angle of heel to either port or starboard. When a vessel has negative metacentric height (GM) i.e. , is in unstable equilibrium, any external force applied to the vessel will cause it to start heeling.
RMS Lusitania was a British ocean liner launched by the Cunard Line in 1906. She was the world's largest passenger ship until the completion of her sister Mauretania three months later and was awarded the Blue Riband appellation for the fastest Atlantic crossing in 1908.