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Euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS) is a state of adaptation or dysregulation of thyrotropic feedback control [1] wherein the levels of T3 and/or T4 are abnormal, but the thyroid gland does not appear to be dysfunctional.
Compensatory mechanisms preventing thyrotoxicosis in oversupply with iodine The Wolff–Chaikoff effect [ 1 ] is a presumed reduction in thyroid hormone levels caused by ingestion of a large amount of iodine .
The syndrome can present with variable symptoms, even between members of the same family harboring the same mutation. [1] Typically most or all tissues are resistant to thyroid hormone, so despite raised measures of serum thyroid hormone the individual may appear euthyroid (have no symptoms of over- or underactivity of the thyroid gland).
However, a controlled study on 31 Graves' disease patients found that while patients had subjective reports of cognitive deficits in the toxic phase of Graves' thyrotoxicosis, formal testing found no cognitive impairment and suggested the reported symptoms may reflect the affective and somatic manifestations of hyperthyroidism. [33]
De Quervain's thyroiditis, also known as subacute granulomatous thyroiditis or giant cell thyroiditis, is a self-limiting inflammatory illness of the thyroid gland. [1] De Quervain thyroiditis is characterized by fever, flu-like symptoms, a painful goiter, and neck pain.
These are normal in the other forms, and in thyrotoxicosis the levels of thyroxine and triiodothyronine are elevated, with resultant suppression of TSH production by the pituitary gland. [ 1 ] [ 6 ] Various other investigations are usually performed to separate the different causes of hyperthyroidism .
Thyroid disease is a medical condition that affects the structure and/or function of the thyroid gland.The thyroid gland is located at the front of the neck and produces thyroid hormones [1] that travel through the blood to help regulate many other organs, meaning that it is an endocrine organ.
Thyrotoxicosis factitia (alimentary thyrotoxicosis, exogenous thyrotoxicosis) [1] [2] is a condition of thyrotoxicosis caused by the ingestion [3] of exogenous thyroid hormone. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It can be the result of mistaken ingestion of excess drugs, such as levothyroxine [ 6 ] and triiodothyronine , [ 7 ] or as a symptom of Munchausen syndrome .