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TBP is involved in DNA melting (double strand separation) by bending the DNA by 80° (the AT-rich sequence to which it binds facilitates easy melting). The TBP is an unusual protein in that it binds the minor groove using a β sheet. Another distinctive feature of TBP is a long string of glutamines in the N-terminus of the protein.
The TBP-associated factors (TAF) are proteins that associate with the TATA-binding protein in transcription initiation. It is a part of the transcription initiation factor TFIID multimeric protein complex .
The TBPL2 protein is also known as TBP-related factor 3 (TRF3) and TATA binding protein 2 (TBP2). The protein was independently discovered in three laboratories as a vertebrate-specific family member of TATA-binding protein (TBP). [6] [7] [8] Orthologs have been identified in mouse, frog (Xenopus tropicalis) and fish (Danio rerio). Whereas the ...
TBP binds to the minor groove [15] of the TATA box via a region of antiparallel β sheets in the protein. [16] Three types of molecular interactions contribute to TBP binding to the TATA box: Four phenylalanine residues(Phe57, Phe74, Phe148, Phe165) on TBP bind to DNA and form kinks in the DNA, forcing the DNA minor groove open. [16] [17] [18]
The promoter resembles a eukaryotic one, though much simplified. It contains BRE and TATA elements and are recognized by TFB and TBP. [3] Promoters represent critical elements that can work in concert with other regulatory regions (enhancers, silencers, boundary elements/insulators) to direct the level of transcription of a given gene. A ...
TATA binding protein (TBP), a subunit of TFIID (the largest GTF) binds to the promoter (TATA box), creating a sharp bend in the promoter DNA. Then the TBP-TFIIA interactions recruit TFIIA to the promoter. TBP-TFIIB interactions recruit TFIIB to the promoter. RNA polymerase II and TFIIF assemble to form the Polymerase II complex.
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But, the majority of TBP is present in the B-TF II D complex, which is composed of TBP and TAFII170 in a 1:1 ratio. [5] TF II D and B-TF II D are not equivalent, since transcription reactions utilizing TF II D are responsive to gene specific transcription factors such as SP1, while reactions reconstituted with B-TF II D are not.