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Einstein's derivation of the gravitational field equations was delayed because of the hole argument which he created in 1913. [1] However the problem was not as given in the section above. By 1912, the time Einstein started what he called his "struggle with the meaning of the coordinates", [ 2 ] he already knew to search for tensorial equations ...
As its name suggests, it was a sketch of a theory, less elegant and more difficult than general relativity, with the equations of motion supplemented by additional gauge fixing conditions. After more than two years of intensive work, Einstein realized that the hole argument was mistaken [247] and abandoned the theory in November 1915.
The issue of whether covariance is a real restriction and if so in what sense appears in various contributions to the philosophical debate concerning Einstein's "hole argument." This argument initially had led Einstein in 1913 for a time to reject generally covariant theories, because a region of space/time without forces would undermine ...
For the first time ever, scientists have seen the light from behind a
However, in 1913 Einstein abandoned that approach, arguing that it is inconsistent based on the "hole argument". In 1914 and much of 1915, Einstein was trying to create field equations based on another approach. When that approach was proven to be inconsistent, Einstein revisited the concept of general covariance and discovered that the hole ...
Although it is now understood that Einstein's response to Kretschmann was mistaken (subsequent papers showed that such a theory would still be usable), another argument can be made in favor of general covariance: it is a natural way to express the equivalence principle, i.e., the equivalence in the description of a free-falling observer and an ...
A rare manuscript featuring early calculations that led to Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity sold for just over $13 million at an auction in Paris Tuesday, becoming the most expensive ...
The astronomers' discovery proves Einstein's predictions right over a century later. Scientists have seen light from behind a black hole for the first time ever. The astronomers' discovery proves ...