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NATO in 2025 . The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is an international military alliance consisting of 32 member states from Europe and North America. It was established at the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty on 4 April 1949. Of the 32 member countries, 30 are in Europe and two are in North America.
Map of NATO enlargement (1952–present). The history of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) begins in the immediate aftermath of World War II.In 1947, the United Kingdom and France signed the Treaty of Dunkirk and the United States set out the Truman Doctrine, the former to defend against a potential German attack and the latter to counter Soviet expansion.
Negotiations in London and Paris in 1954 ended the allied occupation of West Germany and allowed for its rearmament as a NATO member. Twelve countries were part of NATO at the time of its founding: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
The World War II draft operated from 1940 until 1946 when further inductions were suspended, and its legislative authorization expired without further extension by Congress in 1947. During this time, more than 10 million men had been inducted into military service. [40] However, the Selective Service System remained intact.
Established in the aftermath of World War II, the organization implements the North Atlantic Treaty, signed in Washington, D.C., on 4 April 1949. [5] [6] NATO is a collective security system: its independent member states agree to defend each other against attacks by third parties.
Timeline of Sweden during World War II (1939–1945) Timeline of the Netherlands during World War II (1939–1945) Chronology of the liberation of Dutch cities and towns during World War II; Chronology of the liberation of Belgian cities and towns during World War II; Timeline of the Manhattan Project (1939–1947) Timeline of air operations ...
As a fundamental component of NATO, the North Atlantic Treaty is a product of the US' desire to avoid overextension at the end of World War II, and consequently pursue multilateralism in Europe. [3] It is part of the US' collective defense arrangement with Western European powers, following a long and deliberative process. [ 4 ]
Although the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) existed as an alliance and conducted joint military exercises throughout the Cold War period, it engaged in no military operations during this time. All of its military operations occurred in the post-Cold War era. The first of these was in Bosnia, where NATO engaged to an increasing extent.