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Map of western Eurasia showing areas and estimated dates of possible Neanderthal–modern human hybridization (in red) based on fossil samples from indicated sites. [1] Interbreeding between archaic and modern humans occurred during the Middle Paleolithic and early Upper Paleolithic.
Denisova 11, genetic tree of ancestors. Denny (Denisova 11) is an ~90,000 year old fossil specimen belonging to a ~13-year-old Neanderthal-Denisovan hybrid girl. [1] [2] To date, she is the only first-generation hybrid hominin ever discovered. [3]
Map of western Eurasia showing areas and estimated dates of possible Neandertal–modern human hybridization (in red) based on fossil samples from indicated sites. [24] Archaeological research suggests that as prehistoric humans swept across Europe 45,000 years ago, Neanderthals went extinct.
Complete DNA methylation maps for Neanderthal and Denisovan individuals were reconstructed in 2014. [45] Differential activity of HOX cluster genes lie behind many of the anatomical differences between Neanderthals and modern humans, especially in regards to limb morphology. In general, Neanderthals possessed shorter limbs with curved bones ...
"Revised age of late Neanderthal occupation and the end of the Middle Palaeolithic in the northern Caucasus". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . 108 (21): 8611–8616.
The finding that "Mitochondrial Eve" was relatively recent and African seemed to give the upper hand to the proponents of the Out of Africa hypothesis.But in 2002, Alan Templeton published a genetic analysis involving other loci in the genome as well, and this showed that some variants that are present in modern populations existed already in Asia hundreds of thousands of years ago. [31]
This distribution suggests that there were Denisovan populations across Asia. There is also evidence of interbreeding with the Altai Neanderthal population, with about 17% of the Denisovan genome from Denisova Cave deriving from them. A first-generation hybrid nicknamed "Denny" was discovered with a Denisovan father and a Neanderthal mother ...
Neanderthal 1, the type specimen, was known as the "Neanderthal cranium" or "Neanderthal skull" in anthropological literature, and the individual reconstructed on the basis of the skull was occasionally called "the Neanderthal man". [107]