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The IJsselmeer [a] (Dutch: [ˌɛisəlˈmeːr] ⓘ; West Frisian: Iselmar, Dutch Low Saxon: Iesselmeer), also known as Lake IJssel in English, [3] is a closed-off freshwater lake in the central Netherlands bordering the provinces of Flevoland, North Holland and Friesland.
This body of water is then pumped up into the IJsselmeer. It is sometimes called the Gelderse IJssel (IPA: [ˌɣɛldərsə ˈʔɛisəl] ⓘ; "Gueldern IJssel") to distinguish it from the Hollandse IJssel. It is in the provinces of Gelderland and Overijssel, the latter of which was named after this river. The Romans knew the river as Isala.
IJssel→ IJsselmeer The Oude IJssel ( Dutch , pronounced [ˌʌudə ˈʔɛisəl] , literally old IJssel ) or Issel ( German , pronounced [ˈɪsl̩] ) is a river in Germany and the Netherlands approximately 82 km (51 mi) long.
The Battle of IJsselmeer, also known as the Battle on Skates, was a notable military engagement during which the Duke of Alva dispatched his son, Don Frederick, to seize control of the city of Haarlem. The city was mostly surrounded by water, with ships positioned nearby that had become frozen in with the icy conditions.
The town of Edam was founded around a dam crossing the river E or IJe close by the Zuiderzee, now known as the IJsselmeer. Around 1230 the channel was dammed. At the dam goods had to be transferred to other vessels and the inhabitants of Edam could levy a toll. This enabled Edam to grow as a trade town.
Towards the north, the IJsselmeer is enclosed by an arc of boulder clay high areas of land which formed during an ice age glaciations of the Pleistocene epoch: Texel, Wieringen, Urk, de Voorst, and Gaasterland. To the south of that arc a lake formed as a result of meltwater, which became known as Almere.
Gaast developed on a sand bank near the former Zuiderzee (nowadays: IJsselmeer). [5] Its proximity to the sea has caused problems. In 1643, the dyke broke. In 1702, it managed to hold on, however 23 ships off the coast sank near Gaast. The economy used to be based on fishing and sailing, however it has become an agricultural community. [6]
The IJsselmeer side of the dam was designed with a lower factor of safety than the Wadden Sea side, as it was anticipated that even under unfavourable conditions, such as a southwest storm over the IJsselmeer with a high average water level, the waves would not exceed about 3.5 metres above Amsterdam Ordnance Datum. Consequently, the berm was ...