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In 2003, Ethiopia passed a new nationality statute, replacing the 1930 Nationality Law, which had been in force for seven decades. [93] The 2003 Nationality Proclamation eliminated gender inequalities in the previous legislation allowing children to derive nationality from either parent and spouses to equally attain Ethiopian nationality. [94]
Ge'ez now serves as the liturgical language of the Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox and Catholic Churches. Other writing systems have also been used over the years by different Ethiopian communities. These include Arabic script for writing some Ethiopian languages spoken by Muslim populations [26] [27] and Sheikh Bakri Sapalo's script for Oromo ...
(1) Every nation, nationality and people has an unconditional right to self-determination including the right to secession. (2) Every nation, nationality and people in Ethiopia has the right to speak, to write and to develop its own language; to express and to promote its culture; and to preserve its history .
The star insignia indicates equality between nationalities of Ethiopia. [35] An Italian occupation of Ethiopia following Second Italo-Ethiopian War brought legacy of ethnic marginalization of major ethnic groups: the Oromos, Amharas, Tigrayans, and Somalis. Ethiopia underwent series civil clashes under communist military junta Derg.
Ethio-Semitic (also Ethiopian Semitic, Ethiosemitic, Ethiopic or Abyssinian [2]) is a family of languages spoken in Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Sudan. [1] They form the western branch of the South Semitic languages, itself a sub-branch of Semitic, part of the Afroasiatic language family.
The Ethiopic (or Geʽez) writing system is visible on the side of this Ethiopian Airlines Fokker 50: it reads "Ethiopia's": የኢትዮጵያ ye-ʾityop̣p̣ya. The Amharic script is an abugida, and the graphemes of the Amharic writing system are called fidäl. [47] It is derived from a modification of the Geʽez script. [13]
Ethiopia's population is highly diverse, containing over 80 different ethnic groups. Most people in Ethiopia speak Afro-Asiatic languages, mainly of the Cushitic and Semitic branches. The former includes the Oromo and Somali, and the latter includes the Amhara and Tigray. Together these four groups make up three-quarters of the population.
In Ethiopia, Afar used to be written with the Ge'ez script (Ethiopic script). Since around 1849, the Latin script has been used in other areas to transcribe the language. [1] Additionally, Afar is also transcribed using the Arabic script. [9] In the early 1970s, two Afar intellectuals and nationalists, Dimis and Redo, formalized the Afar alphabet.