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p16 (also known as p16 INK4a, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, CDKN2A, multiple tumor suppressor 1 and numerous other synonyms), is a protein that slows cell division by slowing the progression of the cell cycle from the G1 phase to the S phase, thereby acting as a tumor suppressor.
The INK4a/ARF/INK4b Locus. [1] The INK4a/ARF/INK4b locus encodes three genes (p15INK4b, ARF, and p16INK4a) in a 35-kilobase stretch of the human genome. P15INK4b has a different reading frame that is physically separated from p16INK4a and ARF. P16INK4a and ARF have different first exons that are spliced to the same second and third exon.
During this process, a feedback loop exists between P16 and Rb, and P16 expression is controlled by Rb. [22] [23] P16/Rb pathway collaborates with the mitogenic signaling cascade for the induction of reactive oxygen species, which activates the protein kinase C delta, leading to an irreversible cell cycle arrest. Thus P16 participates not only ...
This gene lies adjacent to the tumor suppressor gene CDKN2A in a region that is frequently mutated, deleted, or disregulated in a wide variety of cancer. [7] [8] [9] This gene encodes a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, also known as p15Ink4b protein, which forms a complex with CDK4 or CDK6, and prevents the activation of the CDK kinases by cyclin D, thus the encoded protein functions as a ...
The renewed interest by U.S. President-elect Donald Trump in Greenland has been greeted enthusiastically by some Greenlanders, although others say the semi-autonomous territory of Denmark is not ...
We have a new favorite to win the College Football Playoff after the first round.. No. 5 seed Texas is +300 to win it all at BetMGM after its 38-24 win over No. 12 Clemson on Saturday. The ...
Nearly 10,000 pounds of raw pork sausage and bologna were included in two separate recalls, federal officials announced. Meat from Baltimore-based Impero Foods & Meats and Oklahoma-based Ralph's ...
p14ARF (also called ARF tumor suppressor, ARF, p14 ARF) is an alternate reading frame protein product of the CDKN2A locus (i.e. INK4a/ARF locus). [1] p14ARF is induced in response to elevated mitogenic stimulation, such as aberrant growth signaling from MYC and Ras (protein). [2]