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Low uptake suggests thyroiditis, high uptake suggests Graves' disease, [5] and unevenness in uptake suggests the presence of a nodule. [citation needed] 123 I has a shorter half-life than 131 I (a half day vs. 8.1 days), so use of 123 I exposes the body to less radiation, at the expense of less time to evaluate delayed scan images. [6]
Hypothyroidism is classified as either primary, secondary, or tertiary. Primary hypothyroidism is for when the cause is due to an abnormality of the thyroid gland, secondary hypothyroidism is when the cause is decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, and tertiary hypothyroidism is when the cause is an inadequate amount of thyrotropin-releasing hormone being released.
A nuclear medicine parathyroid scan demonstrates a parathyroid adenoma adjacent to the left inferior pole of the thyroid gland. The above study was performed with Technetium-Sestamibi (1st column) and Iodine-123 (2nd column) simultaneous imaging and the subtraction technique (3rd column).
Iodine-123 (123 I) is a radioactive isotope of iodine used in nuclear medicine imaging, including single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or SPECT/CT exams. The isotope's half-life is 13.2232 hours; [1] the decay by electron capture to tellurium-123 emits gamma radiation with a predominant energy of 159 keV (this is the gamma primarily used for imaging).
It is predominantly on the left side of the oropharynx and to some extent at the mid part of the base of the tongue. The thyroid gland was normal (not shown). b Image of the anterior face and neck taken 20 minutes after Tc99m-Pertechnetate injection shows absent thyroid radiotracer uptake in normal thyroid anatomical location (black short arrows).
The device contains trace amounts of the radioactive isotope Germanium-68, which is used as a radiation source for one of the cancer center's CAT scan machines.
Radioiodine collects in the thyroid gland before being excreted in the urine. While in the thyroid, the radioactive emissions can be detected by a camera, producing a rough image of the shape (a radioiodine scan) and tissue activity (a radioiodine uptake) of the thyroid gland. A normal radioiodine scan shows even uptake and activity throughout ...
Thyroid scan uptake increases throughout the recovery phase due to the thyroid gland's enhanced capacity to trap iodine, which eventually returns to normal after full recovery. [7] Thyroid gland enlargement and a region of hypoechogenicity that correlates to the inflammatory area are typically seen on thyroid ultrasonography. [24]