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Distance from lower incisor to NB line 4 mm U1-L1 (°) Upper incisor to lower incisor angle 130 degrees L1-Chin (mm) Also known as Holdaway Ratio. It states that chin prominence should be as far away as the farthest point of the lower incisor should be. An ideal distance is 2mm from Pogonion to NB line and L1 to NB line. 4mm Soft tissue: S Line
The pterygomaxillary fissure is a fissure of the human skull. It is vertical, and descends at right angles from the medial end of the inferior orbital fissure . It is a triangular interval, formed by the divergence of the maxilla from the pterygoid process of the sphenoid .
The antegonial notch is a subtle indentation located on the inferior border of the mandible, immediately anterior to the angle of the mandible.
It is the indented area medial to the pterygomaxillary fissure leading into the sphenopalatine foramen. It communicates with the nasal and oral cavities, infratemporal fossa, orbit, pharynx, and middle cranial fossa through eight foramina. [2]
The greater palatine canal starts on the inferior aspect of the pterygopalatine fossa.It goes through the maxilla and palatine bones to reach the palate, ending at the greater palatine foramen.
The processes of the superior border of the palatine bone are separated by the sphenopalatine notch, which is converted into the sphenopalatine foramen by the under surface of the body of the sphenoid. [citation needed]
The mandibular nerve, the third branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V 3), also known as the "inferior maxillary nerve", enters infratemporal fossa from the middle cranial fossa through the foramen ovale of the sphenoid bone.
The pterygoid canal (also vidian canal) is a passage in the sphenoid bone of the skull leading from just anterior to the foramen lacerum in the middle cranial fossa to the pterygopalatine fossa.