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Jet fuel is a mixture of a variety of hydrocarbons. Because the exact composition of jet fuel varies widely based on petroleum source, it is impossible to define jet fuel as a ratio of specific hydrocarbons. Jet fuel is therefore defined as a performance specification rather than a chemical compound. [1]
Jet fuel is a gas turbine fuel used in propeller and jet fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters. It has a low viscosity at low temperature, has limited ranges of density and calorific value , burns cleanly, and remains chemically stable when heated to high temperature.
Flight altitude affects engine efficiency. Jet-engine efficiency increases at altitude up to the tropopause, the temperature minimum of the atmosphere; at lower temperatures, the Carnot efficiency is higher. [111] Jet engine efficiency is also increased at high speeds, but above about Mach 0.85 the airframe aerodynamic losses increase faster.
An aviation biofuel (also known as bio-jet fuel, [1] sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) or bio-aviation fuel (BAF) [2]) is a biofuel used to power aircraft. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) considers it a key element in reducing the environmental impact of aviation. [3] Aviation biofuel is used to decarbonize medium and long-haul ...
An aviation biofuel (also known as bio-jet fuel, [89] sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) or bio-aviation fuel (BAF) [90]) is a biofuel used to power aircraft. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) considers it a key element in reducing the environmental impact of aviation . [ 91 ]
The Pratt & Whitney J58 (JT11D-20) turbojet aero engine, which had a specific fuel requirement; namely JP-7 turbine fuel.. Turbine Fuel Low Volatility JP-7, commonly known as JP-7 (referred to as Jet Propellant 7 prior to MIL-DTL-38219 [1]) is a specialized type of jet fuel developed at Pratt and Whitney by master chemist Clarence Brown CB Eichman in 1955 for the Central Intelligence Agency ...
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On passenger planes, fuel tanks are often integrated into the wings, and when there are also tanks inside the body of the aircraft, the wing tanks are used preferentially. [7] [6] The placement reduces the stress on the wings during takeoff and flight, by putting the heavy fuel directly inside the source of lift. [7]