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The Union of the Physically Impaired Against Segregation (UPIAS) was an early disability rights organisation in the United Kingdom. It established the principles that led to the development of the social model of disability, wherein a sharp distinction is made between impairment and disability. From the organisation's policy statement: "What we ...
1950 – Mary Switzer was appointed the Director of the U.S. Office of Vocational Rehabilitation, where she emphasized independent living as a quality of life issue. [3] 1950 – Social Security Amendments established a federal-state program to aid permanently and totally disabled persons in America. [3]
Disability treatments have varied widely over time in the United States, and can vary widely between disabilities, and between individuals. [1]Throughout the Industrial Revolution many disabled people would still end up in asylums, especially if they were mentally disabled, as those were considered completely untreatable.
Disability studies is an academic discipline that examines the meaning, nature, and consequences of disability.Initially, the field focused on the division between "impairment" and "disability", where impairment was an impairment of an individual's mind or body, while disability was considered a social construct. [1]
People with disabilities in the United States are a significant minority group, making up a fifth of the overall population and over half of Americans older than eighty. [1] [2] There is a complex history underlying the U.S. and its relationship with its disabled population, with great progress being made in the last century to improve the livelihood of disabled citizens through legislation ...
The social model has become a key tool in the analysis of the cultural representation of disability; from literature, to radio, to charity-imagery to cinema. The social model has become the key conceptual analysis in challenging, for examples, stereotypes and archetypes of disabled people by revealing how conventional imagery reinforces the ...
The early disability rights movement was dominated by the medical model of disability, where emphasis was placed on curing or treating disabled people so that they would adhere to the social norm, but starting in the 1960s, rights groups began shifting to the social model of disability, where disability is interpreted as an issue of ...
She was a professor of history at University of California Davis from 1989 to 2012, and a visiting professor to Conservatoire National Des Arts et Métiers in Paris. She was named director of the Paul K. Longmore Institute on Disability in 2012, where she led the exhibit "Patient No More: People with Disabilities Securing Civil Rights".