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Presbyterianism is a Reformed (Calvinist) Protestant tradition named for its form of church government by representative assemblies of elders. [2] Though other Reformed churches are structurally similar, the word Presbyterian is applied to churches that trace their roots to the Church of Scotland or to English Dissenter groups that formed during the English Civil War.
The Old School–New School controversy was a schism of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America that took place in 1837 and lasted for over 20 years. The Old School, led by Charles Hodge of Princeton Theological Seminary, was more conservative theologically and did not support the revival movement.
The Reformed tradition is historically represented by the Continental, Presbyterian, Reformed Anglican, Congregationalist, and Reformed Baptist denominational families. Reformed churches practice several forms of church government , primarily presbyterian and congregational , but some adhere to episcopal polity.
Presbyterians trace their history to the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century. The Presbyterian heritage, and much of its theology, began with the French theologian and lawyer John Calvin (1509–64), whose writings solidified much of the Reformed thinking that came before him in the form of the sermons and writings of Huldrych Zwingli.
Covenant Presbyterian Church: 13: Reformed Presbyterian Church – Hanover Presbytery: 12: Upper Cumberland Presbyterian Church: 12: Reformed Presbyterian Church General Assembly: 8: Free Church of Scotland (Continuing) 5 (5 congregations in the U.S.) ICRC: 250 Presbyterian Reformed Church: 5 (5 congregations in the U.S.) NAPARC: 100 Covenant ...
Reformed Presbyterian Church of North America - around 7,800 members - Orthodox, Exclusive Psalmody, A cappella, Covenanter, Presbyterian, Calvinist partially: United Church of Canada - around 388,000 members (as of 12/31/2018) - Liberal, Presbyterian & Congregational & Methodist [ 14 ]
The term is used to distinguish these churches from Presbyterian, Congregational or other Calvinist churches, which can trace their origin to the British Isles or elsewhere in the world. Notably, their theology is largely derived from the Swiss Reformation , as Switzerland (specifically Geneva and Zürich ) was a base for the most influential ...
The family tree of Presbyterian denominations in the United States, courtesy of the Presbyterian Historical Society. As its name suggests, the EPC is an evangelical denomination. It associates mainly with Reformed bodies holding similar or identical beliefs regarding Christology, ecclesiology, and ethical/moral stances.