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The Pandora myth first appeared in lines 560–612 of Hesiod's poem in epic meter, the Theogony (c. 8th–7th centuries BCE), without ever giving the woman a name. After humans received the stolen gift of fire from Prometheus, an angry Zeus decides to give humanity a punishing gift to compensate for the boon they had been given.
Pandora's mother was Pyrrha, daughter of Epimetheus and Pandora. She was the sister of Hellen and Thyia. [4] Her other possible siblings were Protogeneia, [5] Pronoos, Orestheus, Marathonius, [6] Amphictyon, [7] Melantho [8] and Candybus. [9] According to the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women, Pandora was the mother of Graecus by the god Zeus.
Pandora, an Athenian princess as the second eldest daughter of King Erechtheus of Athens and probably Praxithea, daughter of Phrasimus and Diogeneia. Together with her sister Protogeneia , they sacrificed herself on behalf of their country when an army came from Boeotia during the war between Athens and Eleusis .
Hesiod's Works and Days, a didactic poem about farming life, also includes the myths of Prometheus, Pandora, and the Five Ages. The poet advises on the best way to succeed in a dangerous world, rendered yet more dangerous by its gods.
Elpis was the remaining item enclosed in Pandora's box (or jar), the best known form of the myth found in Hesiod’s Works and Days. [1] There Hesiod expands upon the misery inflicted on mankind through the curiosity of Pandora.
The first is the absence of Pandora's story in connection with Prometheus' own. Instead, Aeschylus includes this one oblique allusion to Pandora and her jar that contained Hope (252): "[Prometheus] caused blind hopes to live in the hearts of men." Second, Aeschylus makes no mention of the sacrifice-trick played against Zeus in the Theogony. [30]
According to Hesiod, who related the tale twice (Theogony, 527ff; Works and Days 57ff), Epimetheus was the one who accepted the gift of Pandora from the gods. Their marriage may be inferred (and was by later authors), but it is not made explicit in either text.
Along with Peitho, they presented Pandora with necklaces to make her more enticing. [21] Pindar stated the Charites arranged feasts and dances for the Olympians. [22] They also danced in celebration of the birth of Apollo with Aphrodite, Hebe, and Harmonia. [23] They were often referenced as dancing and singing with Apollo and the Muses. [24]