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A Miyake event is an observed sharp enhancement of the production of cosmogenic isotopes by cosmic rays. It can be marked by a spike in the concentration of radioactive carbon isotope 14 C in tree rings, as well as 10 Be and 36 Cl in ice cores, which are all independently dated.
Meteorites are often studied as part of cosmochemistry. Cosmochemistry (from Ancient Greek κόσμος (kósmos) 'universe' and χημεία (khēmeía) 'chemistry') or chemical cosmology is the study of the chemical composition of matter in the universe and the processes that led to those compositions. [1]
In China, there is only one clear reference to an aurora in the mid-770s, on 12 January 776. [11] [12] However, an anomalous "thunderstorm" was recorded for 775.[13]As established by Ilya G. Usoskin and colleagues, [14] the current scientific paradigm [15] is that the event was caused by a solar particle event (SPE) from a very strong solar flare, perhaps the strongest known. [16]
Cl produced by cosmic rays originating from the Sun when large solar flares or eruptions occur. Although the event was initially proposed to be a signature of an unidentified supernova, [2] it was soon independently confirmed and proven to be the discovery of an extreme solar particle event. [3] [4] The measurements utilised the 14
This is a list of the largest cosmic structures so far discovered. The unit of measurement used is the light-year (distance traveled by light in one Julian year; approximately 9.46 trillion kilometres). This list includes superclusters, galaxy filaments and large quasar groups (LQGs). The structures are listed based on their longest dimension.
The time frame for recombination can be estimated from the time dependence of the temperature of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). [4] The microwave background is a blackbody spectrum representing the photons present at recombination, shifted in energy by the expansion of the universe.
Comparison of the evolution of the universe under Alfvén–Klein cosmology and the Big Bang theory. [1]Plasma cosmology is a non-standard cosmology whose central postulate is that the dynamics of ionized gases and plasmas play important, if not dominant, roles in the physics of the universe at interstellar and intergalactic scales.
The 993–994 carbon-14 spike was one of only a few well-documented 14 C events. There had been a considerably larger one, the 774–775 carbon-14 spike, which was around 1.7 times as strong than the 993-994 event. [2] Both events also had subsequent 10 Be spikes, which further proves that they are from strong solar activity. [5]