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The Scramble for Africa [a] was the invasion, conquest, and colonisation of most of Africa by seven Western European powers driven by the Second Industrial Revolution during the late 19th century and early 20th century in the era of "New Imperialism": Belgium, France, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Portugal and Spain.
Germany was a relative latecomer to the imperialistic scramble for colonies across the globe. A German colony in China was envisioned as a two-fold enterprise: as a coaling station to support a global naval presence, and because it was felt that a German colonial empire would support the economy in the mother country.
In the early historical period, colonies were founded in North Africa by migrants from Europe and Western Asia, particularly Greeks and Phoenecians. Under Egypt's Pharaoh Amasis (570–526 BC) a Greek mercantile colony was established at Naucratis, some 50 miles from the later Alexandria. [2] Greeks colonised Cyrenaica around the same time. [3]
This is a list of the dates when African states were made colonies or protectorates of European powers and lost their independence. List. Name Year Colonial power
The following is a list of European colonies in Africa, organized alphabetically by the colonizing country. France had the most colonies in Africa with 35 colonies followed by Britain with 32. [ 1 ]
Many European statesmen and industrialists wanted to accelerate the Scramble for Africa, securing colonies before they strictly needed them. As a champion of Realpolitik , Bismarck disliked colonies and thought they were a waste of time, but his hand was forced by pressure from both the elites and the general population which considered the ...
Of the German colonies, only Togoland and German Samoa became profitable and self-sufficient; the balance sheet for the colonies as a whole revealed a fiscal net loss for Germany. [78] Despite this, the leadership in Berlin committed the nation to the financial support, maintenance, development and defense of these possessions.
British colonies in East Asia, South Asia, and Southeast Asia: British Burma (1824–1948, merged with India by the British from 1886 to 1937) British Ceylon (1815–1948, now Sri Lanka) British Hong Kong (1842–1997) Colonial India (includes the territory of present-day India, Pakistan and Bangladesh) Danish India (1696–1869) Swedish ...