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A jet aircraft (or simply jet) is an aircraft (nearly always a fixed-wing aircraft) propelled by one or more jet engines. Whereas the engines in propeller-powered aircraft generally achieve their maximum efficiency at much lower speeds and altitudes, jet engines achieve maximum efficiency at speeds close to or even well above the speed of sound .
Jet aircraft use airbreathing jet engines, which take in air, burn fuel with it in a combustion chamber, and accelerate the exhaust rearwards to provide thrust. Different jet engine configurations include the turbojet and turbofan, sometimes with the addition of an afterburner. Those with no rotating turbomachinery include the pulsejet and ramjet.
A jet airliner or jetliner is an airliner powered by jet engines (passenger jet aircraft).Airliners usually have two or four jet engines; three-engined designs were popular in the 1970s but are less common today.
The first practical jet aircraft was the German Heinkel He 178, which was tested in 1939. In 1943, the Messerschmitt Me 262, the first operational jet fighter aircraft, went into service in the German Luftwaffe. American Airlines Boeing 737 landing at Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport in July 2024
The MiG-21 was the most widely produced jet fighter in history. The Korean War of 1950–1953 forced a major reconsideration of aircraft design. Guns proved unsuitable at such high speeds, while the need for multirole capability in battlefield support was rediscovered.
The following is the list of purpose-built passenger jet airliners.It excludes turboprop and reciprocating engine powered airliners. It also excludes business jets and aircraft designed primarily for the transportation of air cargo.
Jet aircraft, an aircraft propelled by jet engines Jet airliner; Jet engine; Jet fuel; Jet Airways, an Indian airline; Super Air Jet, an Indonesian airline; Wind Jet (ICAO: JET), an Italian airline; Journey to Enceladus and Titan (JET), a proposed astrobiology orbiter to Saturn; Jet pack, a backpack personal flying device containing a jet motor
A jet engine is a type of reaction engine, discharging a fast-moving jet of heated gas (usually air) that generates thrust by jet propulsion. While this broad definition may include rocket, water jet, and hybrid propulsion, the term jet engine typically refers to an internal combustion air-breathing jet engine such as a turbojet, turbofan ...