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In zoology, a scale (Ancient Greek: λεπίς, romanized: lepís; Latin: squāma) is a small rigid plate that grows out of an animal's skin to provide protection. In lepidopterans ( butterflies and moths ), scales are plates on the surface of the insect wing , and provide coloration.
Confuciusornis sanctus, a Cretaceous bird from China that lived 125 million years ago, is the oldest known bird to have a beak. [ 33 ] Over 40% of key traits found in modern birds evolved during the 60 million year transition from the earliest bird-line archosaurs to the first maniraptoromorphs , i.e. the first dinosaurs closer to living birds ...
Bird Conservation International; Bird Study; Bird Watcher's Digest; Bird Watching (magazine) Birding (magazine) Birding Business; Birding Scotland; Birding World; Birds & Blooms; Birdwatch (magazine) Boobook (journal) British Birds (magazine) Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club
Bird measurement or bird biometrics are approaches to quantify the size of birds in scientific studies. The variation in dimensions and weights across birds is one of the fundamental sources of diversity among birds, and even Within species, dimensions may vary across populations within species , between the sexes and depending on age and ...
Bird Research: Japan Bird Research Association: Asia: Japan: 2005: present: NA -- Bird Study: British Trust for Ornithology: Europe: UK: 1954: present: Yes 0.952 Bird Watcher's Digest: Bird Watcher's Digest: North America: US: 1987: 2021 ("Reborn" as BWD in 2022) NA -- Bird Watching (magazine) Bauer Media Group: Europe: UK: 1986: present: NA ...
The bottoms of bird feet are covered in small, keeled scale-like structures known as reticulae. Evolutionary developmental studies on these scale-like structures have revealed that they are composed entirely of alpha keratin (true epidermal scales are composed of a mix of alpha and beta keratin). [ 9 ]
Ornithology is a branch of zoology that concerns the study of birds. [1] Several aspects of ornithology differ from related disciplines, due partly to the high visibility and the aesthetic appeal of birds. [2]
Bird anatomy, or the physiological structure of birds' bodies, shows many unique adaptations, mostly aiding flight.Birds have a light skeletal system and light but powerful musculature which, along with circulatory and respiratory systems capable of very high metabolic rates and oxygen supply, permit the bird to fly.