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A glass ionomer cement (GIC) is a dental restorative material used in dentistry as a filling material and luting cement, [1] including for orthodontic bracket attachment. [2] Glass-ionomer cements are based on the reaction of silicate glass-powder (calciumaluminofluorosilicate glass [3]) and polyacrylic acid, an ionomer.
Structure of dental inlays and onlays. In dentistry, inlays and onlays are used to fill cavities, [1] and then cemented in place in the tooth. This is an alternative to a direct restoration, made out of composite, amalgam or glass ionomer, that is built up within the mouth.
Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) [1] is a method for cleaning out tooth decay (dental caries) from teeth using only hand instruments (dental hatchet and spoon-excavator) and placing a filling. It does not use rotary dental instruments ( dental drills ) to prepare the tooth and can be performed in settings with no access to dental equipment.
A 2003 study showed that fillings have a finite lifespan: an average of 12.8 years for amalgam and 7.8 years for composite resins. [20] Fillings fail because of changes in the filling, tooth or the bond between them. Secondary cavity formation can also affect the structural integrity the original filling.
Indirect dental composites can be used for: Filling cavities in teeth, as fillings, inlays and/or onlays; Filling gaps (diastemas) between teeth using a shell-like veneer or; Reshaping of teeth; Full or partial crowns on single teeth; Bridges spanning 2-3 teeth; A stronger, tougher and more durable product is expected in principle.
Compomers can be used as a cavity lining material to provide pulpal protection. [2] Compomers are notable used in Paediatric dentistry. Possible uses include: As a restorative material, particularly for Class I and II cavities (see Dental restoration § Cavity classifications) Fissure sealants; For cementation of orthodontic bands [2] [3]
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Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is an alkaline, cementitious dental repair material. MTA is used for creating apical plugs during apexification, repairing root perforations during root canal therapy, and treating internal root resorption. It can be used for root-end filling material and as pulp capping material.
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