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Albert A. Michelson (1881) tried to measure the relative motion of the Earth and aether (Aether-Wind), as it was expected in Fresnel's theory, by using an interferometer. He could not determine any relative motion, so he interpreted the result as a confirmation of the thesis of Stokes. [ 12 ]
The Chandler wobble is an example of the kind of motion that can occur ... the fluid nature of the Earth's core ... coordinates time series data from January 1946 to ...
The earliest evidence for life on Earth includes: 3.8 billion-year-old biogenic hematite in a banded iron formation of the Nuvvuagittuq Greenstone Belt in Canada; [30] graphite in 3.7 billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks in western Greenland; [31] and microbial mat fossils in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone in Western Australia.
The first eon in Earth's history, the Hadean, begins with Earth's formation and is followed by the Archean eon at 3.8 Ga. [2]: 145 The oldest rocks found on Earth date to about 4.0 Ga, and the oldest detrital zircon crystals in rocks to about 4.4 Ga, [34] [35] [36] soon after the formation of Earth's crust and Earth itself.
For a more complex example involving observers in relative motion, consider Alfred, who is standing on the side of a road watching a car drive past him from left to right. In his frame of reference, Alfred defines the spot where he is standing as the origin, the road as the x -axis, and the direction in front of him as the positive y -axis.
In particular, it can be shown that hyperbolic motion and uniform circular motion are special cases of motions having constant curvatures and torsions, [46] satisfying the condition of Born rigidity. [ H 11 ] [ H 17 ] A body is called Born rigid if the spacetime distance between its infinitesimally separated worldlines or points remains ...
It has a methane, nitrogen and carbon monoxide atmosphere and a surface temperature of minus 378 to minus 396 degrees, too cold to sustain life. NASA sent its probe New Horizons on a flyby in 2015.
The Earth spends less time near perihelion and more time near aphelion. This means that the lengths of the seasons vary. [ 14 ] Perihelion currently occurs around 3 January, so the Earth's greater velocity shortens winter and autumn in the northern hemisphere, and summer and spring in the southern hemisphere.